{"id":1854,"date":"2023-08-16T03:08:01","date_gmt":"2023-08-16T03:08:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/?page_id=1854"},"modified":"2024-04-29T14:11:49","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T14:11:49","slug":"los-manavai","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/los-manavai\/","title":{"rendered":"The manavai"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The manavai<\/h1><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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The manavai are simple structures formed by double walls of rough stones, filled with rubble, and approximately circular in plan. They typically rise about 1.5 meters from the ground surface, enclosing a small cultivation area that is normally less than 10 square meters.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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The moai and ahu of Rapa Nui represent the technological and social achievements of the island's ancient culture. In contrast, the manavai symbolize the islanders' efforts to survive in an increasingly modified environment.<\/h4><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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In addition to the most common manavai, which are constructed on the surface, there are also subway manavai, which are built inside a natural or artificial cavity. <\/h4><\/div>

In this instance, the inner walls are coated with a straightforward retaining wall, which is typically deeper than the shallow type. A few manavai are of the semi-subterranean type.
Aunque no existen las condiciones para lograr un fechamiento concluyente de estas estructuras, el origen o al menos la proliferaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s bien tard\u00eda de los manavai en la secuencia hist\u00f3rica de Rapa Nui se puede apreciar en el hecho de que muchos de estos fueron levantados alrededor e incluso sobre ciertos ahu moai, lo cual habr\u00eda sido imposible durante la \u00e9poca en que estas plataformas todav\u00eda se consideraban sagradas y estaban protegidas por las leyes del tapu (lo prohibido o sagrado).
Around 1,500 of these agricultural structures have been recorded throughout the island, which are normally part of residential sites. There are isolated manavai, but also groups of 6, 8 or more of them, even up to about 50 structures. <\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Part of the ancient manavai still preserve plants derived from the original cultivation that took place there.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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The humid and wind-protected microenvironment provided by the manavai is conducive to the growth of the species planted inside, as it offers a suitable environment for their development.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Los manavai habr\u00edan surgido como una respuesta adaptativa frente a importantes cambios ecol\u00f3gicos ocurridos en la isla a partir del s. XVI, que conllevaron una sostenida disminuci\u00f3n del rendimiento de los campos.<\/h4><\/div>

Thus, protecting plants from the sun and wind, along with retaining soil moisture, became imperative, since the island society depended mainly on agricultural activity for its livelihood. The Manavai represented a collective effort to confront these new conditions in the fragile island environment.
En todo caso, y a pesar de la abundancia relativa de estas estructuras, es evidente que se continu\u00f3 cultivando a campo abierto, como lo demuestra el testimonio de los primeros navegantes que visitaron la isla los siglos XVIII y XIX. Por esto es razonable considerar que los manavai eran estructuras agr\u00edcolas especializadas destinadas a ciertos cult\u00edgenos, como la ca\u00f1a de az\u00facar, toa, el pl\u00e1tano, maika, la calabaza, hue, y, sobre todo, el mahute, arbusto con cuya corteza se elaboraba una tela para la confecci\u00f3n de capas, taparrabos y otros art\u00edculos.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Debido a que muchos de los manavai son de dimensiones modestas, por ejemplo con un di\u00e1metro de 2 a 3 m, hay investigadores que sugieren que estas estructuras tambi\u00e9n pudieron haberse utilizado como viveros para la crianza de plantas que eran posteriormente cultivadas en campos abiertos o tal vez en manavai m\u00e1s grandes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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los manavai Debido a que muchos de los manavai son de dimensiones modestas, por ejemplo con un di\u00e1metro de 2 a 3 m, hay investigadores que sugieren que estas estructuras tambi\u00e9n pudieron haberse utilizado como viveros para la crianza de plantas que eran posteriormente cultivadas en campos abiertos o tal vez en manavai m\u00e1s grandes.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"unboxed","site-sidebar-style":"unboxed","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1854","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"znBwVCNJztPhpmfCZBFP","author_link":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/author\/znbwvcnjztphpmfczbfp\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"los manavai Debido a que muchos de los manavai son de dimensiones modestas, por ejemplo con un di\u00e1metro de 2 a 3 m, hay investigadores que sugieren que estas estructuras tambi\u00e9n pudieron haberse utilizado como viveros para la crianza de plantas que eran posteriormente cultivadas en campos abiertos o tal vez en manavai m\u00e1s grandes.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1854"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1854\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/manavairapanui.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}